Conditions of the Treaty — Seal of the Prophets Vol. 3
Introduction
In this discourse from The Life & Character of the Seal of the Prophets (Volume 3), Hazrat Mirza Bashir Ahmad (ra) details the historical events and scholarly insights surrounding Conditions of the Treaty.
Book Series: The Life & Character of the Seal of the Prophets (Volume 3)
Author: Hazrat Mirza Bashir Ahmad (ra)
Section: IV – The Treaty of Hudaibiyyah & its Magnificent Outcomes
Pages: Book pp. 141–143 (PDF pp. 159–161)
Navigation: Book Table of Contents | « Previous: [The Emotion and Passion of Hadrat ‘Umar (ra)] | Next: [Anxiety Amongst the Companions] »
Historical Account
After much disagreement and trouble, this treaty was concluded at last. In almost every stipulation, the Holy Prophetsa forfeited his term and accepted the demand of the Quraish. Furthermore, in accordance with Divine Will, the Holy Prophetsa fulfilled his oath with complete loyalty in that he should accept whatever the Quraish demanded for the sake of the Baitullāh and in order to safeguard the reverence of the Ḥaram at all costs. The conditions of this treaty were as follows:
- The Holy Prophetsa and his companions would return (to Madīnah)
this year.
[Ṣaḥīḥul-Bukhārī, Kitābush-Shurūṭ, Bābush-Shurūṭi Fil-Jihādi…, Ḥadīth No. 2731-2732 *Ṣaḥīḥul-Bukhārī, Kitābuṣ-Ṣulḥ, Bābuṣ-Ṣulḥi Ma‘al-Mushrikin, Ḥadīth No. 2701]
- Next year, they would be permitted to enter Makkah and fulfil the
rite of ‘Umrah, but except for a sheathed sword, they would not be permitted to bring any arms. Furthermore, they would not remain in Makkah for more than 3 days.
[Ṣaḥīḥul-Bukhārī, Kitābul-Maghāzī, Bābu ‘Umratil-Qaḍā’i, Ḥadīth No. 4251-4252 Ṣaḥīḥul-Bukhārī, Kitābul-Jizyati Wal-Muwāḍa‘ah, Ḥadīth No. 3184 Ṣaḥīḥul-Bukhārī, Kitābuṣ-Ṣulḥ, Bābuṣ-Ṣulḥi Ma‘al-Mushrikin, Ḥadīth No. 2700 *Ṣaḥīḥu Muslim, Kitābul-Jihādi Was-Siyar, Bābu Ṣulḥil-Ḥudaibiyyah, Ḥadīth No. 4631]
- If any man from among the people of Makkah went to Madīnah,
even if he be a Muslim, the Holy Prophetsa should not grant him protection in Madīnah and should return him. In this relation, the words of Sahih Bukhārī are:
142
لَا یَ�أْتِیْكَ مِنَّا رَجُلٌ وَ اِنْ كَانَ عَلیٰ دِیْنِكَ اِلَّا رَدَدْتَهٗ اِلَیْنَا
“If a man from among us comes to you, you shall return him.”1
If however, a Muslim were to leave Madīnah and come to Makkah, he would not be returned.2 In another narration it is mentioned that if any man from the people of Makkah came to Madīnah without the permission of his Walī or guardian, he should be returned.3
- Among the tribes of Arabia, whichever tribe wished to ally with the
Muslims could do so and whichever tribe wished to ally with the people of Makkah could do so.4
- For the time being, this treaty would be for 10 years and during
this period, war would be suspended between the Quraish and the Muslims.5
1 *Ṣaḥīḥul-Bukhārī, Kitābush-Shurūṭ, Bābush-Shurūṭi Fil-Jihādi…, Ḥadīth No. 2731-2732
Ṣaḥīḥul-Bukhārī, Kitābul-Maghāzī, Bābu Ghazwatil-Hudaibiyyah, Ḥadīth No. 4180-4181 2 Ṣaḥīḥul-Bukhārī, Kitābuṣ-Ṣulḥ, Bābuṣ-Ṣulḥi Ma‘al-Mushrikin, Ḥadīth No. 2700
*Ṣaḥīḥu Muslim, Kitābul-Jihādi Was-Siyar, Bābu Ṣulḥil-Ḥudaibiyyah, Ḥadīth No. 4632
Aṭ-Ṭabaqātul-Kubrā, By Muḥammad bin Sa‘d, Volume 2, p. 300, Ghazwatu Rasūlillāhisa Al- Ḥudaibiyyata, Dāru Iḥyā’it-Turāthil-‘Arabī, Beirut, Lebanon, First Edition (1996) 3 As-Sīratun-Nabawiyyah, By Abū Muḥammad ‘Abdul-Mālik bin Hishām, p. 687, Amrul-Ḥudaibiyyati Fī Ākhiri Sanati Sittin/‘Aliyyun Yaktubu Shurūtaṣ-Ṣulḥi, Dārul-Kutubil-‘Ilmiyyah, Beirut, Lebanon, First Edition (2001) 4 As-Sīratun-Nabawiyyah, By Abū Muḥammad ‘Abdul-Mālik bin Hishām, p. 687, Amrul- Ḥudaibiyyati Fī Ākhiri Sanati Sittin/‘Aliyyun Yaktubu Shurūtaṣ-Ṣulḥi, Dārul-Kutubil-‘Ilmiyyah, Beirut, Lebanon, First Edition (2001)
*Aṭ-Ṭabaqātul-Kubrā, By Muḥammad bin Sa‘d, Volume 2, p. 298, Ghazwatu Rasūlillāhisa Al- Ḥudaibiyyata, Dāru Iḥyā’it-Turāthil-‘Arabī, Beirut, Lebanon, First Edition (1996)
Tārīkhur-Rusuli Wal-Mulūk (Tārīkhuṭ-Ṭabarī), By Abū Ja‘far Muḥammad bin Jarīr Aṭ-Ṭabarī, Volume 3, p. 131, Dhikrul-Aḥdāthillati Kānat Fī Sanati Sittim-Minal-Hijrah/Dhikrul-Khabari ‘An ‘Umratin-Nabiyyisa Allati Ṣaddahul-Mushrikūna Fīhā ‘Anil-Bait, Dārul-Fikr, Beirut, Lebanon, Second Edition (2002) 5 Sunanu Abī Dāwūd, Kitābul-Jihād, Bābu Fī Ṣulḥil-‘Aduwwi, Ḥadīth No. 2766
*As-Sīratun-Nabawiyyah, By Abū Muḥammad ‘Abdul-Mālik bin Hishām, p. 687, Amrul- Ḥudaibiyyati Fī Ākhiri Sanati Sittin/‘Aliyyun Yaktubu Shurūtaṣ-Ṣulḥi, Dārul-Kutubil-‘Ilmiyyah, Beirut, Lebanon, First Edition (2001)
*Aṭ-Ṭabaqātul-Kubrā, By Muḥammad bin Sa‘d, Volume 2, p. 298, Ghazwatu Rasūlillāhisa Al- Ḥudaibiyyata, Dāru Iḥyā’it-Turāthil-‘Arabī, Beirut, Lebanon, First Edition (1996)
Two copies of this agreement were transcribed and as witnesses, many esteemed people put down their signatures. From the Muslims were Ḥaḍrat Abū Bakrra, Ḥaḍrat ‘Umarra, Ḥaḍrat ‘Uthmānra (who had returned from Makkah by that time), ‘Abdur-Raḥmān bin ‘Aufra, Sa‘d bin Abī Waqqāsra and Abū ‘Ubaidahra. After the agreement had been concluded, Suhail bin ‘Amr took one copy of the agreement and returned to Makkah, while the other copy remained with the Holy Prophetsa.
[Aṭ-Ṭabaqātul-Kubrā, By Muḥammad bin Sa‘d, Volume 2, p. 298, Ghazwatu Rasūlillāhisa Al- Ḥudaibiyyata, Dāru Iḥyā’it-Turāthil-‘Arabī, Beirut, Lebanon, First Edition (1996) *Sharḥul-‘Allāmatiz-Zarqānī ‘Alal-Mawāhibil-Ladunniyyah, By Allāmah Shihābuddīn Al-Qusṭalānī, Volume 3, p. 198, Amrul-Ḥudaibiyyah, Dārul-Kutubil-‘Ilmiyyah, Beirut, Lebanon, First Edition (1996)]
[Let it be noted that despite his strong difference of opinion, Ḥaḍrat ‘Umarra did not at all hesitate in putting down his signature.]
[Aṭ-Ṭabaqātul-Kubrā, By Muḥammad bin Sa‘d, Volume 2, p. 298, Ghazwatu Rasūlillāhisa Al- Ḥudaibiyyata, Dāru Iḥyā’it-Turāthil-‘Arabī, Beirut, Lebanon, First Edition (1996) Tārīkhur-Rusuli Wal-Mulūk (Tārīkhuṭ-Ṭabarī), By Abū Ja‘far Muḥammad bin Jarīr Aṭ-Ṭabarī, Volume 3, p. 132, Dhikrul-Aḥdāthillati Kānat Fī Sanati Sittim-Minal-Hijrah/Dhikrul-Khabari ‘An ‘Umratin-Nabiyyisa Allati Ṣaddahul-Mushrikūna Fīhā ‘Anil-Bait, Dārul-Fikr, Beirut, Lebanon, Second Edition (2002) Sharḥul-‘Allāmatiz-Zarqānī ‘Alal-Mawāhibil-Ladunniyyah, By Allāmah Shihābuddīn Al-Qusṭalānī, Volume 3, p. 198, Amrul-Ḥudaibiyyah, Dārul-Kutubil-‘Ilmiyyah, Beirut, Lebanon, First Edition (1996)]
Book Series: The Life & Character of the Seal of the Prophets (Volume 3)
Section: IV – The Treaty of Hudaibiyyah & its Magnificent Outcomes | Navigation: « Previous: [The Emotion and Passion of Hadrat ‘Umar (ra)] | Next: [Anxiety Amongst the Companions] »